Gypsum has 3 main types:
1. Standard Gypsum Board:
- Standard gypsum board, also known as regular gypsum board or drywall, is the most common type used in interior construction.
- It is composed of a gypsum core sandwiched between paper facings.
- The gypsum core is made of calcium sulfate dihydrate, and the paper facings provide strength and protection.
- Standard gypsum board is non-combustible and provides a certain level of fire resistance, making it suitable for use in residential and commercial buildings.
- It is typically used for walls and ceilings in dry areas where moisture is not a concern.
2. Moisture-Resistant Gypsum Board:
- Moisture-resistant gypsum board, often referred to as green board due to its distinctive green color, is designed to withstand exposure to moisture and humidity better than standard gypsum board.
- It has additives such as wax or other hydrophobic materials mixed into the gypsum core, which repel moisture and inhibit the growth of mold and mildew.
- The paper facings are treated to make them more resistant to moisture absorption.
- Moisture-resistant gypsum board is commonly used in areas where moisture levels are higher, such as bathrooms, kitchens, and laundry rooms.
- While it provides increased resistance to moisture, it is not completely waterproof and should not be used in areas subject to direct water exposure, such as shower stalls.
3. Fire-Resistant Gypsum Board:
- Fire-resistant gypsum board is specially formulated to offer enhanced fire resistance compared to standard gypsum board.
- It contains glass fiber or other additives mixed into the gypsum core, which improve its ability to withstand fire and heat.
- The paper facings may also be treated with fire-retardant chemicals to further enhance fire resistance.
- Fire-resistant gypsum board is classified according to its fire rating, which indicates the duration of fire resistance it provides under specific testing conditions.
- Common fire ratings include 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes, and 120 minutes, indicating the amount of time the board can withstand fire exposure before failure.
- This type of gypsum board is used in areas where building codes require increased fire protection, such as stairwells, corridors, and fire-rated walls in commercial buildings and multifamily dwellings.
- It is important to select the appropriate fire rating based on the specific fire safety requirements of the building and local building codes.
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